15th Academic Session - 2018http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/80682024-03-29T07:20:28Z2024-03-29T07:20:28ZQuality of life of Breast cancer patients treated at Teaching Hospital Karapitiya, Sri LankaWeeratunga, EranthiHettiarachchi, ManjulaEkanayaka, Upulhttp://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/97472022-12-09T09:07:08Z2018-03-07T00:00:00ZQuality of life of Breast cancer patients treated at Teaching Hospital Karapitiya, Sri Lanka
Weeratunga, Eranthi; Hettiarachchi, Manjula; Ekanayaka, Upul
Background: Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. Breast cancer (BC) is the second most
common cancer among women globally as well as in Sri Lanka. Quality of Life (QOL) is a subjective perception a
person has of their position in life and it includes various aspects of domains like physical, psychological, social and
environment. Aim of this study was to assess QOL among BC patients treated at a tertiary care hospital in Southern
Sri Lanka.
Methods: Ninety-seven patients from the oncology unit of the Teaching Hospital Karapitiya were included in this
cross-sectional study. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire (World Health
Organization – Quality of Life- Brief) and extracts from patient notes after obtaining informed consent from each
subject with sufficient physical and mental stability to assess the quality of life among study subjects.
Results: Age ranged from 31 to 71 years with a mean of 52 years (SD=9). Localized tumor (T stage) was presented
in 84% patients at the time of diagnosis and the rest were on severe stages (node and metastasis). The mean±SD
score of overall QOL was 248±34 in this study subjects. Further, the physical domain (mean±SD) had 61±12,
psychological domain had 64±12 and environmental domain had 69±9 levels respectively. However, it was evident
that the lowest score in the social domain with mean score (±SD) of 48±14. Further subjects with metastasis and
resultant disabilities had low mean QOL scores when compared with those who had localized tumor and no
disabilities respectively.
Conclusion: Cancer patients have many psycho-social needs which should be fulfilled in addition to improving
quality of life which is an important aspect of modern health care. QOL measures have become a vital part of health
outcomes and are very important aspect of chronic diseases which are not curable. Therefore, QOL measurements
provide a meaningful way to determine the impact of health care services.
2018-03-07T00:00:00ZExtreme Weather Events Driven (Summer Droughts; Winter Sea Floods) Salinization of Freshwater Coastal Ecosystems: Possible Impacts on Genetic Diversity of Brachionus calyciflorus PopulationsWijewardene, L.Ribeiro, R.Venancio, C.Lopes, I.http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/91982022-11-11T07:11:21Z2018-03-07T00:00:00ZExtreme Weather Events Driven (Summer Droughts; Winter Sea Floods) Salinization of Freshwater Coastal Ecosystems: Possible Impacts on Genetic Diversity of Brachionus calyciflorus Populations
Wijewardene, L.; Ribeiro, R.; Venancio, C.; Lopes, I.
Increased evaporation, Low flow regimes together with climate change induced sea level rise and higher frequency of extreme weather events intensify the salinization of coastal freshwater ecosystems. Salinization of freshwater ecosystems through extreme weather events such as summer drought and winter sea floods are prominent in temperate countries. This salinization may compromise the resilience of natural populations inhabiting coastal regions by decreasing their genetic diversity. This work intended to understand the effects of salinization on the genetic diversity of populations of the rotifer, Brachionus calyciflorus under different temperature regimes. Six lineages of B. calciflorus (D,G,P,N,F,H) differing in lethal sensitivity to salinity were selected and lab- populations of each clonal lineage were maintained under optimal conditions until reaching a steady state (carrying capacity). At this point, they were exposed to predetermine salinity level (9.7 mS/cm) which was LC70 of most tolerant genotype (H), for at least 30 days. Population densities were monitored across the exposure period. These long-term assays were conducted under 3 temperatures: (i) 17±10C to simulate salt water intrusion during winter; (ii) 20±10C the optimal temperature (control), since organisms were cultured in the laboratory at this temperature and (iii) 23±1oC to simulate seawater intrusion in freshwater ecosystems during summer. Continuous exposure to 9.7 ms/cm salinity level affected survival and reproduction of B. calciflorus, leading to extirpation of some genotypes after long-term exposures. Under 17oC, F, H and P were the first three genotypes disappeared and their LT90 were 229± 11.35h, 276.7± 35.53h and 282.2±19.19 h respectively. H, G and N genotypes showed an LT90 of 418.5±34.35h, 536.6± 71.82h and 5557± 78.90h respectively at 20oC. Under 230 C; F, D, and H genotypes disappeared first and their LT90 values were 405.1± 64.77 h, 458.9±68.00h and 460.2±36.81h respectively. These different patterns of sensitivity observed due to long –term exposures, could be most probably due to acclimation- driven population recovery. Temperature differences influenced response to salinity. These results and its consequences at the population level was discussed in the light of the genetic erosion hypothesis, through natural selection due to small within-genotype variability.
2018-03-07T00:00:00ZAn investigation of factors affecting for the implementation of SLPSAS in Sri Lanka: A comparative study between Government Universities and Divisional Secretaries in Galle DistrictDeepal, A. G.http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/81562022-09-08T04:23:14Z2018-03-07T00:00:00ZAn investigation of factors affecting for the implementation of SLPSAS in Sri Lanka: A comparative study between Government Universities and Divisional Secretaries in Galle District
Deepal, A. G.
One of the main objectives of applying the accounting standards is to furnish a framework and basis
for improving governmental accountability through improved accounting and financial reporting in the
public sector institutions which are currently using cash basis accounting instead of accrued basis
accounting. Though some of the countries in the world have been able to fully implement these accrued
based accounting systems, Sri Lanka has not been able to fully comply with so called accrued based
system yet. Hence, the problem of the study can be identified as what are the factors affecting for the
implementation of Sri Lanka Public Sector Accounting Standards (SLPSAS) in Sri Lanka. Therefore,
the objectives of this study are to identify the factors affecting for the implementation of SLPSAS, to
measure the level of compliance and to find out the impact of the factors affecting for the level of
compliance in implementation of SLPSAS in Sri Lanka. The sample of the study was derived from the
total population of 19 Divisional Secretariat Offices (DSOs) in Galle district and 15 government
universities in Sri Lanka since the study focuses on both populations. A sample of 15 DSOs and 12
universities were selected randomly based on the probability proportionate sampling technique. The
level of implementation was assessed by using an adoption rate of compliance with the number of
SLPSAS introduced whereas four factors for the implementation were identified as the independent
variables being based on the literature. Four hypotheses were tested, and multiple regression was used
to investigate the impact of those factors on the level of implementation of SLPSAS in these
organizations. The compliance level of implementing SLPSAS in universities was around 27%
whereas that in DSOs was around 21%. Further, regression results indicate that only two factors,
namely the Political & Bureaucratic support, reporting the betas of 0.441 and 0.418 at the 99 %
significance level and the Willingness to change, reporting the betas of 0.402 and 0.401 at 95%
significance level show significant impacts on the Degree of implementation of SLPSAS in universities
and divisional secretaries respectively. Hence, it is concluded that adoption of SLPSAS in the public
sector is at a toddler stage (below 30%) at present in case of implementation of SLPSAS and the
commitment on the government side (Political and Bureaucratic support) as well as attitudinal changes
on the employees’ side are paramount importance to improve the level of implementation of SLPSAS.
These findings are most valuable for both policy makers and practitioners to understand the cultural
and structural issues, current developments, and influential aspects of the implementation of SLPSAS
broadly in Sri Lanka. The sample of this study was limited to, government universities and divisional
secretaries in Galle District and a larger sample including DSOs in other districts would enhance the
generalization of the results which could serve as direction for further research.
2018-03-07T00:00:00Z