Poster Presentationshttp://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/82192024-03-28T17:59:46Z2024-03-28T17:59:46ZParents’ Knowledge and Practice Regarding Use of Spectacles in Children in the Age Between Two to Ten years Old Children with Refractive Errors Participating in Eye Clinic at Lady Ridgeway Hospital, ColomboKoralegedara, H. K. G. C. J. K.Senarathne, S. M. D. T. N.Kumari, K. A. A. D.Thakshila, L. W.Ranathunga, R. G. N. S.Vithanarachchi, S. L. H.Kanchana, K. T. G.http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/83982022-09-16T04:08:10Z2018-11-08T00:00:00ZParents’ Knowledge and Practice Regarding Use of Spectacles in Children in the Age Between Two to Ten years Old Children with Refractive Errors Participating in Eye Clinic at Lady Ridgeway Hospital, Colombo
Koralegedara, H. K. G. C. J. K.; Senarathne, S. M. D. T. N.; Kumari, K. A. A. D.; Thakshila, L. W.; Ranathunga, R. G. N. S.; Vithanarachchi, S. L. H.; Kanchana, K. T. G.
Background: Globally 123 million people have been affected refractive errors. Among
them 19 million are children and 80% of them are visual learners.
Objectives: To assess the parents’ knowledge, practice, and factors regarding wearing
spectacles among children with refractive errors.
Methodology: Descriptive cross sectional study was done among 350 of parents who have
children with refractive errors age between 2-10 years using convenient sampling method.
Interviewer administrated pre-tested questionnaire was used to obtain data of demographic,
knowledge, practice and factors regarding refractive errors and spectacle wearing.
Results and conclusions: Majority were age between 5 - 7 years children with refractive
error 42.9% and 53.7% were female. 58% of parents’ educational level was up to ordinary
level. 51.4% of parents did not know about available treatment method of refractive errors.
56.3% of parent did not obtain knowledge about refractive error. 7.4% of parents were
having consanguinity marriage. There were statistically significant associations between,
parents’ educational level with knowledge of the parents about wearing spectacles, parents
educational level with parents’ knowledge about treatment methods in refractive error and
parents knowledge on child’s refractive error with parents knowledge in type of refractive
error (p-0.001). There were associations between, age of the child with practice of the
parents about wearing spectacle (p-0.043), gender of the child with practice of the parents
about wearing spectacles (p-0.023), age of the child with child forgetting or missing of the
spectacle (p-0.037), medical history of the child with factors association of spectacles. There
were associations between, parents’ educational levels with knowledge of the parents about
wearing spectacles, knowledge about treatment methods available for refractive error,
parents knowledge on child's refractive error with parent’s knowledge in type of refractive
error.
2018-11-08T00:00:00ZPatient Related Factors Affecting Accuracy of Fasting Blood Sugar Value among People with Type 2 Diabetes MellitusKelaniyabandara, K. W. K. B. C. L.De Silva, W. K. P.Rathnayaka, R. T. D. K.Adikari, A. M. S. P.Nuwansala, H. U. C.Priyanthi, W. N.http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/83952022-09-16T04:01:31Z2018-11-08T00:00:00ZPatient Related Factors Affecting Accuracy of Fasting Blood Sugar Value among People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Kelaniyabandara, K. W. K. B. C. L.; De Silva, W. K. P.; Rathnayaka, R. T. D. K.; Adikari, A. M. S. P.; Nuwansala, H. U. C.; Priyanthi, W. N.
Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes and its complications have risen in Sri
Lanka. Although the HbAIc is the most accurate investigation for testing glycaemic control,
Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) test is the most common and the lowest-cost investigation.
Objectives: To investigate patient related factors affecting accuracy of Fasting Blood Sugar
value of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in diabetic clinic in District General Hospital
(DGH), Gampaha in Sri Lanka.
Methodology: A cross sectional quantitative approach with a descriptive design was utilized
in this study. A validated self-administered questionnaire was used for data collection
among 200 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus aged above 40 years. Data analysis was
done by using the SPSS Version 16.0.
Results and conclusions: Minority of patients (28.5%) stated that average level of FBS in
diabetes patient should be 80-110 mg/dL. Approximately two-thirds of the participants,
63.5% has identified the correct number of hours need to be fasting for FBS test. When
considering the overall knowledge level, only 30.5% possessed good knowledge level
regarding FBS test. The majority of respondents (84.5%) visit the diabetic clinic and 78% do
the test of FBS once a month. Among participants, 91% have taken usual diet on the
previous day of the FBS test and 96% have not taken any kind of food or drink during
fasting period. Among the participants 54% of the patients were having misconceptions.
FBS results showed that 62% of them were not having controlled diabetes mellitus. The
results drawn from this study lead to the conclusion of that the type 2 diabetes patients are
having an unsatisfactory knowledge regarding FBS test and demonstrated satisfactory
practice level. Results revealed that high rate of diet related misconceptions, specially herbal
treatment are used for reducing blood sugar.
2018-11-08T00:00:00ZA Follow up Study on Antibiotic Compliance of Those Who Take Antibiotic from Outdoor Pharmacy of Teaching Hospital KarapitiyaGamage, T. D.Mahinda, K. D.http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/83942022-09-16T03:52:22Z2018-11-08T00:00:00ZA Follow up Study on Antibiotic Compliance of Those Who Take Antibiotic from Outdoor Pharmacy of Teaching Hospital Karapitiya
Gamage, T. D.; Mahinda, K. D.
Background: Any substance that inhibits the growth and replication of a bacterium or kills
it outright can be called as an antibiotic. Misuse of antibiotic lead to global health problem
such as antibiotic resistance. The reduction of patient compliance leads to irrational use of
antibiotics.
Objectives:To study the adherence to antibiotic regimens by patients who take antibiotic
from outdoor pharmacy in THK and to identify common types of malpractices leading to
non-adherence to the regimens.
Methodology: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted. Patient data were
collected in OPD in THK, when patient collect antibiotics from pharmacy. After three days,
patient compliance was collected using telephone conversation.
Results and conclusions: 43.9% of participants were males. 56.4% of participants were
females. 62.35% of participants responded to the follow up telephone calls. 45% of
participants showed overall good compliance to the regimen. There was no relationship
between socio-demographic data of patients and compliance to the regimen. Better
compliance was found with bd (60%) than tds (47.3%) and qds (33%) antibiotic
formulations. The antibiotic type with highest compliance was Ciprofloxacin (63.9%).
Erythromycin was the antibiotic with least patient compliance. The major reasons for
noncompliance were forgetfulness (30.9%), side effects (13.1%), deliberately avoiding
(11.4%) and family commitments (11.4%). Overall compliance for antibiotic was
unsatisfactory. With the increase of the frequency of regimen, the patient compliance
decreased. The patient compliance depended on the complexity of the regimen and the type
of the antibiotic. Socio-demographic data was not influenced by the patient compliance. The
major reasons for noncompliance were identified as forgetting to take a dose, experience of
side effect, family commitments and deliberately avoiding.
2018-11-08T00:00:00ZAnticandidal Activity of Ten Selected Medicinal Plants in Sri LankaNandapala, J. H. Y. P.Napagoda, M. T.Weerasinghe, N. P.http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/83932022-09-16T03:47:30Z2018-11-08T00:00:00ZAnticandidal Activity of Ten Selected Medicinal Plants in Sri Lanka
Nandapala, J. H. Y. P.; Napagoda, M. T.; Weerasinghe, N. P.
Background: Candida is commensal yeast that lives harmlessly in the gastrointestinal tract
and the oral and vaginal mucosa, and is the most common cause of fungal infections
worldwide. These yeasts often cause superficial infections such as vaginitis and mouth
sores. However, Antifungals used in the treatment are toxic and have become ineffective due
to emerging resistance. Therefore, people are using plant materials which have antimicrobial
effect for healing wounds and mouth sores in Ayurveda and traditional medicine.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the anticandidal activity of ten selected
medicinal plants i.e. Senna alata (eth-tora), Citrus aurantiifolia (lime), Curcuma longa
(turmeric), Cymbopogon citratus (lemon grass), Sesbania grandiflora (kathurumurunga),
Phyllanthus emblica (indian gooseberry), Ricinus communis (castor), Psidium guajava
(guvava), Tamarindus indica (tamarind) and Cinnamomum verum (cinnamon) against
Candida albicans and Candida glabrata.
Methodology: Methanol extractions prepared from each plant were subjected to antifungal
susceptibility testing against both Candida species, suspensions of 1-2 × 108 organisms/ml
was prepared using sterile normal saline for each isolate by comparing with 0.5 McFarland
turbidity standards. Sabouraud dextrose agar plates will be inoculated separately with both
species. Fluconazole and dichloromethane were used as the positive and negative controls
respectively. The minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) was determined for each plant
extract by broth microdilution method.
Results and conclusions: The initial concentration of 0.2 g/mL of plant extract showed no
clear zone of inhibition, however there was a suppression of growth around the discs of
C. aurantiifolia, C. verum, P. emblica and P. guajava against C. Glabrata and in C. Verum
against C. albicans. Hence MFC was determined with different concentrations of plant
extracts (minumum concentration = 31.25 mg/mL). It revealed an inhibition of growth of
C. albicans by C. verum, C. Longa and P. guajava at all the concentrations tested. An
inhibition of the growth of C. glabrata was observed in S. Grandiflora, C. verum, P. emblica
and P. guajava at all the concentrations tested. The results of this study indicated the
anticandidal activity in several selected plant extracts against both Candida species.
2018-11-08T00:00:00Z