Issue 01 & 02
http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/7525
2024-03-28T15:38:42ZEFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOIL NITROGEN LEVELS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND GRAIN FILLING RATE OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) ELITE BREEDING LINE AT 08 1078 AND VARIETY AT 362
http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/8401
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SOIL NITROGEN LEVELS ON GROWTH, YIELD AND GRAIN FILLING RATE OF RICE (Oryza sativa L.) ELITE BREEDING LINE AT 08 1078 AND VARIETY AT 362
Kumara, KHCH; Hafeel, RF
Grain filling rate, yield and 1000 grain weight are very important traits to determine the different nitrogen levels
of response for different rice varieties. This study will investigate the rate of grain filling, grain yield and 1000
grain weight, and some quality parameters of one elite breeding line (At 08 1078) and standard variety (At 362)
grown at five different nitrogen (N) levels (0, 50, 100, 150 & 200 kg N ha-1
) under irrigated water condition in the
low country dry zone of Sri Lanka. A split-plot experimental design was used in this experiment with three repli cates. The gross plot and net plot area were 18 m2
and 12.96 m2
of each experimental unit. Main plots were sepa rated by a ridge (40cm in width). The thousand-grain weight of each experimental unit from heading to harvest ing was recorded at the 4-day interval to inspect the grain filling rate. Irrespective of the variety, grain filling
commenced after four days from the day of heading and the rate of grain filling depended on the rate of nitrogen
application on each experimental unit. Rice fertilized with ≥100 kg N ha-1
had a high grain filling rate and the pe riod of grain filling increased in both varieties. Application of 100 kg N ha-1 was recognized as the optimum level
for grain filling. Further increment of soil nitrogen (150 or 200 kg N ha-1
) has not significantly affected the grain
filling rate of the paddy. In addition, the significant highest grain yield, grain hardness, brown rice content, grain
length and width were recorded at 100 kg N ha-1
. It can be concluded that the N level of 100 kg N ha-1 was found
for yield response and grain filling to be the best rate for both elite line At 08 1078 and the variety At 362
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZRURAL YOUTHS’ INVOLVEMENT IN SOYBEAN VALUE ADDITION: A CASE STUDY OF YOUNG FARMERS’ IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA.
http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/8399
RURAL YOUTHS’ INVOLVEMENT IN SOYBEAN VALUE ADDITION: A CASE STUDY OF YOUNG FARMERS’ IN OYO STATE, NIGERIA.
Ayinde, JO; Ajala, AO; Jimoh, T
This study assessed the involvement of rural youths in soybean value addition process in Oyo State, Nigeria with
aim of describing the socio-economic characteristics of young farmers that are involved in soybean value addition
process; determine the perception of young farmers towards the soybean value addition process; examine the
awareness of soybean value addition available to young farmers; determine the level of youth involvement in soy bean value addition and examine the constraints in value addition of soybean production among rural young
farmers. A multistage sampling procedure was adopted in the study. Firstly, purposive sampling technique was
used to select two zones (Ibadan/ Ibarapa zone and Oyo zone) from the four agricultural zones in Oyo State based
on the predominance of soybean farmers in the area. Secondly, proportionate random sampling technique was
used to select three Local Government Areas (LGAs) from the two zones. Two LGAs (Akinyele and Ido) from
Ibadan/Ibarapa zone and one LGA (Afijio) from Oyo zone were selected. Thirdly, proportionate sampling tech nique was used to select 8, 7 and 6 communities from Akinyele, Ido and Afijio LGAs respectively; this makes a
total of 21 communities. Finally, simple random sampling technique was used to select 6 youths that were involved
in soybean value addition process in each community making 126 youths (between the ages of 18 and 40 years)
that were are involved in soybean value addition for the study. Data collected were analyzed and summarized us ing frequency count, chi-square and correlation analysis among others. The results revealed that the mean age of
rural youths that were involved in soybean value addition was 27.80 ± 7.17 years. The majority (73.0%) were fe male, many of them (57.1%) had a high level of awareness about soybean value addition activities (fresh soy beans, dried soybeans, roasted soybeans, soy grits, soy flour, soy milk, soy sprouts and soy curd/tofu). About
73.8% had a high level of involvement and their main constraints against their involvement were inadequate pro cessing skills (mean= 3.65), hazard involved (mean= 3.37) and low shell life span of soybean products (mean=
2.88). The results of the chi-square indicated the indigenous status (χ
2 = 2.104; P<0.05) and marital status (χ
2 =
17.334, P<0.05) had a significant association with respondents’ involvement in soybean value addition activities.
Household size (r = 0.820; P<0.01) had significant relationship with respondents’ involvement in soybean value
addition activities. According to the findings, the study recommended and concluded that stakeholders are en couraged to increase awareness on soybean value addition activities among rural youths to enhance their involve ment which might positively influence soybean production thereby sustain plant protein sustainability.
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZEVALUATION OF APPROPRIATENESS OF CURRENT WEED MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES PRACTICED IN RICE CULTIVATION IN AKURESSA AND ATHURALIYA D.S. DIVISIONS
http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/8397
EVALUATION OF APPROPRIATENESS OF CURRENT WEED MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES PRACTICED IN RICE CULTIVATION IN AKURESSA AND ATHURALIYA D.S. DIVISIONS
Susil Mendis, AP; Wathugala, DL; Kumarasinghe, HKMS
The present study was carried out to evaluate the appropriateness of different weed management methods prac ticed in rice cultivation in the Matara district. This study comprised of a survey conducted in rice fields cultivated
with variety At 362 in Akuressa and Athuraliya D.S. divisions during 2016/ 2017 Maha season. The survey was
carried out using a pretested questionnaire with the participation of randomly selected 100 farmers (69 from Aku ressa and 31 from Athuraliya D.S. divisions). Primary data were gathered through several focused group discus sions with Agricultural Instructors and using a structured questionnaire. Based on the data gathered a field ex periment was conducted in the farmers fields to study the impact of various weed management methods practiced
by farmers on weed density and growth and yield parameters of rice. Based on the data obtained on different
weed control techniques farmer fields were divided into 4 categories such as single herbicide, herbicide mixtures,
non-chemical (manual and/or mechanical) and both chemical with mechanical weeding. Growth and yield param eters of paddy and weed growth parameters were obtained at different stages of the rice growth. ‘t’ test and Krus kal-Wallis were used to analyze the results. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to draw conclu sions. The highest percentage of farmers used mixed herbicides (44%), while single herbicides, non-chemical and
both chemicals with mechanical weeding were used by 20%, 16% and 20%, respectively. The weed count was neg ligible at 10 days after the application of weed management techniques indicating that the use of herbicide mix tures was ineffective. Method of weed control did not significantly alter the growth and yield parameters of rice
except the use of herbicide cum mechanical weeder which showed positive effects on growth and yield of rice. The
weed seed bank analysis showed higher sedges and broad-leaved weed populations in chemical applied fields while
higher grass weed populations in non-chemical applied fields. Launching farmer awareness programmes at the
field level are found to be more important for a better understanding of the rational use of herbicides in rice culti vation.; The present study was carried out to evaluate the appropriateness of different weed management methods prac ticed in rice cultivation in the Matara district. This study comprised of a survey conducted in rice fields cultivated
with variety At 362 in Akuressa and Athuraliya D.S. divisions during 2016/ 2017 Maha season. The survey was
carried out using a pretested questionnaire with the participation of randomly selected 100 farmers (69 from Aku ressa and 31 from Athuraliya D.S. divisions). Primary data were gathered through several focused group discus sions with Agricultural Instructors and using a structured questionnaire. Based on the data gathered a field ex periment was conducted in the farmers fields to study the impact of various weed management methods practiced
by farmers on weed density and growth and yield parameters of rice. Based on the data obtained on different
weed control techniques farmer fields were divided into 4 categories such as single herbicide, herbicide mixtures,
non-chemical (manual and/or mechanical) and both chemical with mechanical weeding. Growth and yield param eters of paddy and weed growth parameters were obtained at different stages of the rice growth. ‘t’ test and Krus kal-Wallis were used to analyze the results. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to draw conclu sions. The highest percentage of farmers used mixed herbicides (44%), while single herbicides, non-chemical and
both chemicals with mechanical weeding were used by 20%, 16% and 20%, respectively. The weed count was neg ligible at 10 days after the application of weed management techniques indicating that the use of herbicide mix tures was ineffective. Method of weed control did not significantly alter the growth and yield parameters of rice
except the use of herbicide cum mechanical weeder which showed positive effects on growth and yield of rice. The
weed seed bank analysis showed higher sedges and broad-leaved weed populations in chemical applied fields while
higher grass weed populations in non-chemical applied fields. Launching farmer awareness programmes at the
field level are found to be more important for a better understanding of the rational use of herbicides in rice culti vation.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZEFFECTS OF CARBENDAZIM ON IN VITRO MICROPROPAGATION AND FLOWER ING OF PEPPER ELDER HERBAL PLANT
http://ir.lib.ruh.ac.lk/xmlui/handle/iruor/8315
EFFECTS OF CARBENDAZIM ON IN VITRO MICROPROPAGATION AND FLOWER ING OF PEPPER ELDER HERBAL PLANT
Mohan Raj, E; Lydia, Teoh; Ali Ahmed, Abdul Bakrudeen; Devanathadesikan, Vidya; Musthafa, Muneeb M.; Lobo, Vijay; Vidhyavathi, R.; Marikar, Faiz MMT
The present study reports on application of carbendazim for micropropagation and in vitro flowering of Pepero mia pellucida. In vitro multiplication of shoot tips and axillary nodal explants were used in 25-100 mgL-1 car bendazim in 70% alcohol treatment for 5 min in MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium and MS hormone medium
The explants were cultured on MS medium supplemented with auxins, cytokinins and additives (Casin hydrolyte
and glutamine) used to proliferate the shoots. The maximum number of shoots (21.5/shoot tip) were developed on
MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mgL-1 KIN (Kinetin) 0.5 mgL-1 NAA (α- Naphthalene acetic acid), 100 mgL-1
casein hydrolysate and 100 mgL-1 glutamine additives. The highest number of roots per shoot (17.6) and highest
rooting frequency (94.2%) were obtained when the adventitious shoots were inoculated on MS medium with 1.5
mgL-1 IAA (Indole-3-acetic acid). The highest number of shoot development (75.4 %) was achieved on MS medi um supplemented with 2.0 mgL-1 KIN 2.0 + 0.5 mgL-1 ABA (Abscisic acid) with 5% sucrose. It was found that MS
medium devoid of 1.5 mgL-1 IAA promote the root formation and maturation of in vitro flower in P. pellucida. Ac climatized plantlets were transferred to botanical garden and the characters compared with mother plant of P.
pellucida
2019-01-01T00:00:00Z