Terminalia ar juna attenuates glycation and glycation induced cross linking; An in vitro study

Abstract

Non enzymatic glycation leads to the formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) which are key mediators of the pathogenesis of chronic diabetic complications and of accelerated skin ageing. Intermo lecular cross linking is caused by some AGEs, affecting the function of the target molecule. Collagen is a primary target of such AGE mediated changes. The objective of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effects of Terminalia arjuna (family Combr etaceae ) bark methanol extract on glycation and glycation induced cross linking using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis under native and denaturing conditions. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lysozyme were incubated with 0.5 M fructose for 21 days at 37°C and pH 7.4, in the presence or absence of different concentrations (0.01 1 mg/mL) of the bark methanol extract. Appropriate controls and the standard glycation inhibitor aminoguanidine (1 mg/mL) were used. Aliquots from BSA and lysozyme were analyzed usi ng native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and sodium dodecyl polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) respectively. Glycated BSA showed an increase in the migration towards the anode with PAGE, when compared with that of non glycated BSA. Hi gh molecular bands were visible with SDS PAGE, depending on the extent of lysozyme cross linking. T. arjuna showed inhibitory effects on glycation and glycation induced protein cross linking at all the concentrations used from 0.01 to 1 mg/mL. In conclusio n, methanol extract of T. arjuna bark showed strong in vitro inhibitory effects on glycation and glycation induced protein cross linking, indicating the value of further studies.