Abstract:
Poverty is a complicated problem that affects people worldwide and is seen as a sort of suffering (Dukkha) in Buddhism. This paper uses a comparative and qualitative method to investigate the multifaceted definition, identification, and measurement of poverty. Moreover, this study examines Buddhist texts such as Andha Sutta and Inasutta, with current socioeconomic views by inspecting the notion and identification of poverty through Pāli literature and the term "Dāḷidya". Buddhist teaching provides the distinction between two forms of poverty; those who are materially and spiritually impoverished and those who are affluent but do not find spiritual contentment. Modern definitions of poverty divide poverty into absolute poverty, relative poverty, and poverty line. In this paper, the definition and measurement of poverty is compared to, and described from, both modern and Buddhist perspectives. Modern definitions of poverty frequently emphasise material deprivation, highlighting the absence of resources required for a minimal standard of living and impacted by consumer culture. Buddhist definitions of poverty, on the other hand, are based on moral principles and place more emphasis on long-term well-being than on accumulating material possessions. The ultimate objectives of contemporary and Buddhist systems differ significantly. Modern methods, which are focused on quantitative measures like income and service accessibility, concentrate on reducing material deprivation through economic growth and welfare initiatives. Buddhism prioritises spiritual growth, viewing moral development as essential for lasting happiness and recognising poverty as both material and spiritual. It advocates a holistic approach that integrates material well-being with moral integrity and spiritual development, contrasting with the modern focus on economic metrics.
