English-Hindi Sentence Structure in the Discipline of Translation: A Contrastive Analysis.

Abstract

Sentence structure is the order of all the parts in a sentence: subject, predicate, objects, phrases, punctuation, etc. It deals with independent and dependent clauses, how they combine the placement of words and phrases next to what they modify, and proper grammar. The sentence structure is a crucial element in terms of intertextual factors of both the source and target languages. Hence, the objectives of the present study are to describe and explain the function of sentence structure in English and Hindi languages in terms of text analysis for understanding a source text, producing an acceptable translation, and the assessment that translation and to indicate an investigation of the similarities and differences of the sentence structure in the two languages. Data were collected by observing academic texts using library surveys and verified by Hindi native speakers. The collected data were divided into categories, i.e., phrase order, agreements, case relationship, semantic concordance, and ellipsis, based on how sentence structure is used in English-Hindi. The data from both languages are described and analysed through the contrastive method. The present study focuses on the similarities and differences between Hindi and English sentence structure. It was observed that English and Hindi exhibit differences in their sentence structures, particularly in word order and syntactic arrangement. English typically follows an SVO order, whereas Hindi often adopts a SOV order. These discrepancies in phrase order pose significant challenges for translators, as they must adapt and reorganise the sentences to ensure natural and accurate renditions. This paper emphasises that the present analysis of English-Hindi sentence structure in the discipline of translation provides valuable insights into the linguistic complexities encountered during the translation process.