Leaves and fruit pericarp of Garcinia zeylanica Roxb. as a potential anti-diabetic agent

Abstract

Type-2-diabetes (Diabetes mellitus) is a common endocrine metabolic disorder diagnosed by hyper blood glucose levels or progressive deterioration of glucose tolerance. Most predominant among therapeutic approaches is the reduction of carbohydrate absorption after food consumption via inhibition of most responsible gastro intestinal enzymes related with carbohydrate metabolism. As the synthetic drugs with this action are incorporated with many adverse effects, search for alternative is a major concern in medicinal chemistry. Utilization of Garcinia in Ayurvedic medicine led to the focus of current study on G. zeylanica. The leaves and the pericarp of ripe fruits of G. zeylanica were tested for total polyphenols, flavonoids, in vitro antioxidant and inhibitory potential against α-glucosidase and α-amylase after soxhlet extraction with 70% methanol and 90% ethanol separately. Total polyphenolic (11.28± 1.04 mg/GAE g) and total flavonoid contents (9.84±1.71 mg/ QE g) were higher for 70% methanolic extracts of leaves than fruit pericarp along with the highest antioxidant potential (80.01±0.89 %). According to IC50 values high inhibitory potential against alpha amylase (1.88 μg/ml) and alpha glucosidase (5.40 μg/ml) was also observed for G. zeylanica leaves indicating the substantial bioactivity against Type-2-diabetes. Therefore the results of this study suggest that the selected species could play a major role as an antidiabetic agent thus has the potency to employ in developing antidiabetic regimen.