Formulation of optimized Dapsone skin cream for the use of Acne vulgaris

Abstract

Acne vulgaris is a major health issue among teenagers. Dapsone is used as a treatment option. Dapsone cream is not available in the local market. Objective of current research was to formulate Dapsone topical cream formulation to treat Acne vulgaris. Initially, virgin coconut oil base (VCO-base) was used to prepare cream formulations. Emulsion was prepared by magnetic stirring followed by high shear homogenizing. Formulations were tried with different recrystallized Dapsone concentrations (1%, 3%, 5%), co-solvents (1-Butanol, Ethanol, Acetic acid, 2-Propanol) and preservatives (methyl paraben, benzyl alcohol, phenoxy ethanol). Then, vanishing cream base (VC-base) was used. pH test, Viscosity test, microscopic analysis, organoleptic evaluation, particle size analysis and stability tests were performed for formulated creams. Formulated creams were oil in water emulsions. VCO-base formulations were less stable and crystals were observed. VC-base formulations of 1%, 3%, 5% were more stable but 5% formulation showed crystals. pH of VCO-base and VC-base formulations were skin compatible and were within the range of 4.95 - 5.10 and 6.06 - 6.21 respectively. Viscosity of VC-base formulations were within the range of 40 - 55. It was increased with the increased concentration of Dapsone. Among VC-base formulations viscosity of 5% formulation was the highest. Particle size of VC-base formulations (3900 - 4350 nm) were higher compared to VCO-base formulations (237 - 274 nm). It can be concluded that Dapsone can be formulated as oil in water creamy emulsion. Among formulated creams, best optimized formulas were 1% and 3% VC-based formulations considering pH, viscosity, stability and is suitable for topical application for Acne vulgaris with particle size reduction.