Notes on Lesser Whistling Duck and Other Aquatic Birds in “Kirala Kele” Sanctuary, Matara, Sri Lanka

Abstract

Protecting ecosystems in the vicinity of rapidly urbanizing areas requires continuous monitoring and assessment. “Kirala Kele” sanctuary located in Matara city limits of southern Sri Lanka is a well known bird habitat. Recent development projects implemented in surrounding areas might affect bird diversity and abundance in “Kirala Kele” habitat. Hence the objective of the present study was to study the status of aquatic birds in “Kirala Kele” sanctuary. Study has been conducted weekly basis from October to December 2015 at selected sites in “Kirala Kele” area. A total of twenty three species of aquatic birds were recorded in this study. Number of species and their abundance recorded in this study were significantly low when compared to a previous study indicating a possible declining of habitat quality for aquatic birds in the current context. Lesser Whistling Duck (LWD) and Purple Swamphen dominated the study sites throughout the study period. Open marsh areas with low grass heights might support LWD. Abundant distribution of Purple Swamphen might be supported by spread of aquatic weeds and suitable nesting sites. Flocking and comfort behavior patterns of LWD noted in this study added a picturesque beauty to the “Kirala Kele” habitats. A small group of Garganey was observed associated with LWD. Egrets, Ibises, Lapwings and Jacanas showed a much more localized distribution pattern. Invasion of aquatic weeds, domination of water logged areas by LWD and diminishing waterlogging areas might be key factors affecting aquatic bird species in the studied habitats. Further monitoring and habitat protection are required to preserve the bird diversity in “Kirala Kele” sanctuary.