Generic Drug Acceptance: A Study from Selected State Community Pharmacies in Peradeniya and Jaffna

Abstract

Background: Generic drugs are cost-effective, bioequivalent alternatives to brand-name medications, and are comparable in quality, efficacy, and safety. Despite their benefits, uptake is hindered by negative patient perceptions and limited awareness. In Sri Lanka, where healthcare affordability is a major concern, increasing generic use could significantly reduce healthcare costs. Thus, evaluating patient perception and acceptance is crucial. Objectives: To assess patients' perceptions and acceptance of generic drugs in selected state community pharmacies in Peradeniya and Jaffna and to identify factors influencing acceptance Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted between August and October 2024 at two state-owned pharmacies (Rajya Osusala) in Peradeniya and Jaffna. Patients obtaining prescription medications were recruited using convenience sampling. Data were collected using a validated, interviewer-administered questionnaire, adapted from a previously published study. The questionnaire underwent expert validation and pre-testing to suit the local context and study objectives. Data were analysed using SPSS version 26.0. Results: Of the 390 participants, 67.9% (n=265) reported using generic drugs, and 61.3% (n=239) expressed confidence in their efficacy. Affordability was the primary reason for preferring generics (41.8%, n=163). However, concerns regarding quality (23.8%, n=93), effectiveness (23.1%, n=90), and side effects (16.7%, n=65) remained. Only 43.1% were willing to use generics for serious or life-threatening conditions. Individuals with higher education reported greater use of generic drugs (p=0.017), whereas preferences for branded drugs and perceptions of efficacy, quality and side effects showed no significant associations (p>0.05). Physician recommendation strongly influenced decisions: 58.7% (n=229) preferred confirmation from a doctor before switching to a generic, compared to 41.0% (n=160) who would switch based on a pharmacist’s recommendation. Conclusions: Generic drug acceptance was relatively high among patients. Educational level and physician endorsement significantly influenced acceptance. Enhanced awareness and healthcare provider-led interventions are recommended to improve generic drug acceptance