Abstract:
The growing demand for dairy-free frozen desserts has encouraged the development of plant-based ice creams
with improved nutritional and functional qualities. This study developed a coconut milk–based vegan ice cream
incorporating soursop (Annona muricata) and Ceylon olive (Elaeocarpus serratus) and evaluated its sensory,
proximate, physicochemical, functional, and storage properties comparison with a control. Four formulations
with different soursops to Ceylon olive puree ratios were prepared: T1 (1:1), T2 (1:2), T3 (2:1), and T4 (0:0
control). Sensory evaluation with 50 untrained panelists on a 5-point hedonic scale identified T1 (1:1) as the most
preferred formulation. Proximate analysis of T1 revealed 55.67 ± 0.84 g/100 g moisture, 1.29 ± 0.01 g/100 g
protein, 0.55 ± 0.00 g/100 g fiber, 23.00 ± 1.78 g/100 g carbohydrate, 19.09 ± 0.34 g/100 g fat, and 0.73 ± 0.07 g/100
g ash. Functional analysis showed significantly higher antioxidant activity (542.14 ± 11.00 mg TE/100 g),
flavonoid content (725.00 ± 22.05 mg QE/100 g), and total phenolic content (334.33 ± 9.38 mg GAE/100 g) than
the control (p < 0.05). During one month of storage at −18 °C, T1 showed a pH reduction from 4.42 ± 0.01 to 3.86
± 0.02, total soluble solids increased from 23.27 ± 0.75 to 26.87 ± 0.61 Brix, and titratable acidity rose from 0.72 ±
0.06% to 1.22 ± 0.06%, compared with the control. Microbiological analyses was assessed biweekly for two
months under the same conditions confirming the product safety, with total plate count decreasing from 5 × 10³
CFU/g initially to less than 1 × 10³ CFU/g, while presumptive coliforms, Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli were
absent. It can be concluded that the developed product represents a safe and promising plant-based frozen dessert
alternative with enhanced fiber, fat, and functional properties.
