Abstract:
Nepal is an agrarian country where majority of people rely on farming for their livelihood. Due
to small farm sizes and lack of capital, most farmers in high hills and mountains still use
traditional approaches and follow subsistence farming. The level of mechanization has increased
which is characterised by increasing number of tractors. The use of tractors is mostly limited to
Terai region (plain land), whereas low hilly region has adopted two-wheeler tractors. The total
GHG emissions of Nepal accounts for 0.09% of the world emissions, however agriculture sector
contributes more than half of the nation’s GHG emissions. Most of agricultural plans and policies
promote sustainable agricultural development through commercial and market oriented
economic growth, however the implementation has been unsatisfactory. Climate smart
agriculture (CSA) and sustainable agricultural practices have been identified and implemented
to improve agriculture production considering climate change and emissions.
