Abstract:
Long-acting reversible contraceptive (LARC) methods, such as intra-uterine contraceptive
devices (IUCDs) and implants, are safe and effective in preventing
unplanned pregnancies. However, they are not widely accepted by women due to
lack of awareness. This study explored knowledge and awareness about LARC
methods among women of childbearing age in Ampara District, Sri Lanka. A descriptive
cross-sectional study was conducted with 423 women aged 18–49 years
from selected MOH clinics in Ampara District. Data collection was done using
a structured questionnaire consisting of 18 questions to assess knowledge and
awareness of LARC methods. Six questions on a scale of True, False, and No idea
were used to assess knowledge score. It was categorized as No knowledge (score
0), Low (score 1–3), and High (score 4–6) according to the score. Among 423
respondents, 43.7% were between 29–39 years of age. The majority were Muslims
(76.6%), married (100%), and housewives (70.2%). Around 46% had been educated
up to G.C.E. O/L. Of the participants, 68.6% (n=290) were aware of the
general term “Loop,” which is used for IUCD. Awareness about the terms Copper
IUCD, Mirena, and Jadelle were 13.0% (n=55), 6.4% (n=27), and 70.7% (n=299),
respectively. Among participants who were aware of each LARC method, the
women who had high knowledge about Copper IUCD, Mirena, and Jadelle were
39 (70.9%), 13 (48.1%), and 209 (69.9%), respectively. They were aware of the
correct insertion/removal method of Copper IUCD (98.2%), Mirena (96.3%), and
Jadelle (83.6%). Comparatively, fewer had knowledge about the maximum effective
duration of LARC: Copper IUCD 41.8%, Mirena 7.4%, Loop 14.5%, and
Jadelle 51.5%. Less than one-third knew that IUCDs do not protect against sexually
transmitted diseases (STDs) (Copper 30.9%, Mirena 25.9%, Loop 26.6%),
while 65.6% had the misconception that Jadelle protects against STDs. Women of
childbearing age in Ampara District had poor knowledge and awareness about different
LARC methods. A comprehensive knowledge assessment and educational
interventions are recommended in the future to prevent unplanned pregnancies
and to aid correct decision-making related to contraception.
