Abstract:
Crop diversification and intercropping are some of the options available to improve and sustain the
productivity of lands. Lands not suitable for tea cultivation should be diversified with timber and fuel wood
species. Fuel wood supply not only provides energy for processing tea but also meet the firewood
requirement of households in the plantation. Soil erosion could be minimized by adopting sloping
agricultural land technology (SALT), therefore even steep lands could be planted with tea. In addition, in
the long run it helps to improve and sustain soil fertility in spite of some limitations. Since tea is a shade
loving plant, intercropping could be easily accommodated in tea plantations. Other plantation crops such as
rubber and coconut are being intercropped with tea and guidelines are available for growers interested in
tea/rubber and tea/coconut intercropping systems. The oldest intercropping system in tea lands is with
export agriculture crops such as pepper, coffee and cloves. Among these, pepper is the most compatible crop
with any category of tea in the mid and low elevations. While coffee is more suitable for tea lands with low
plant population, cloves should be confined to field boundaries. In addition, fruit trees could be planted as
intercrops and these are also suitable for tea lands with low plant populations. In young tea during first two
years and during post pruning period, the inter row space could be utilized for short term crops such as
pulses and grain legumes. This not only provides an additional income for the grower, but also improves soil
fertility and helps to keep weed growth under control.