Natural drug leads as novel dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors targeting the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Background/Aim: The number of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients using incretin-based therapies has significantly increased in the past few years. The development of novel incretin-based therapies from natural sources has become an interesting area of drug discovery. This review emphasizes the plants having dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-IV) inhibitory activity that can be used in the development of novel antidiabetic agents. Methods: The relevant literature was collected from data sources such as PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The references of articles were also examined to obtain further information. Results: To date, a number of plants were documented for its antidiabetic potential through DPP-IV inhibitory activity either in vivo or in vitro. The compounds which exert potent DPP-IV inhibitory action have been identified, and their structures have been deduced in some research findings. The DPP-IV inhibitory activity has been compared with positive controls in most of the studies. Conclusion: The present review reports on natural DPP-IV inhibitors through the assessment of plant profile used in the management of DM and highlights a new pathway for the researches to develop novel molecules from herbal sources with DPP-IV inhibitory activity.