Abstract:
Low-cost small-pelagic (LC-SP) fish is rich in essential nutrients and can be a cost-effective
solution to ensure food and nutrient security in Sri Lanka. However, researchers indicate that the
current performance of Sri Lankan LC-SP fisheries is generally low, highlighting the need for
improvement. Hence, this study aims to explore the present status of LC-SP fish production and
supply, and consumer behavior towards LC-SP fish in the Matara district. Primary data on the
industry’s present status were collected from Gandara fisheries harbor. Thirty single-day
fishermen were conveniently selected from a population of 130. A consumer survey was
conducted to understand the consumer preferences and behavior towards LC-SP fish. It included
one hundred participants, chosen through convenience sampling, ensuring representation from
both urban (50 from Matara DS division) and rural areas in the Matara district (50 from Pasgoda
DS division). Major LC-SP fish species harvested in the Gandara fisheries harbor include
Sardinella, Herrings, Indian scad and Thryssa. Issues in LC-SP fish production and supply include
overexploitation, weather pattern changes, ocean pollution, increasing fishing costs, low
economic gain, and huge post-harvest loss. Consumer survey found that urban consumers eat LCSP
fish three times, averaging 3.4 kg per week while rural consumers limit it to two times,
averaging 2.6 kg per week. Under the same market conditions, 51% of consumers prefer to choose
large marine fish over LC-SP fish, primarily due to its ease of consumption (95%). Consumers
prioritize fish quality and price among various factors influencing demand. Consumers agree that
LC-SP fish is a valuable nutrient source (93%), considering it a better option than larger marine
fish (51%). Furthermore, they express awareness of different LC-SP species (77%), market prices
(71%), and nutritional benefits (83%). Moreover, 45% of consumers indicate the impact from
subjective norms on LC-SP fish consumption. Consumers face difficulties in eating (97%) and
preparation (90%) due to small-bones in LC-SP fish body. Fishermen highlighted the need of good
price mechanism (25%) while consumers suggested value-added, ready-to-eat fish products
(85%). Finally, this study provided valuable insights for managing LC-SP fish which can nourish
Sri Lankans, especially those in low-economic groups.